| 1. |
Γενικά
Παρακαλώ σημειώσατε:
Εργαζόμαστε με διάφορους τύπους συσκευών μέτρησης.
Συσκευές υψηλής ποιότητας χαραχτηρίζονται με το σήμα
•••
μετά το όνομα του σταθμού.
[Παράδειγμα: ο σταθμός με το όνομα "Αγία Κυριακή •••" σημαίνει ότι αυτός ο σταθμός εργάζεται με μια καλιμπραρισμένη συσκευή]
| 1.1 |
Φτηνές συσκευές (χωρίς το σήμα •••) δεν είναι καλιμπραρισμένες
Η αναμενόμενη διαφορά ποιότητας είναι παρόμοια με μία ζυγαριά κουζίνας και με μια ζυγαριά καλιμπραρισμένης ακρίβειας.
|
| 1.2 |
Αυτό το σημείο έχει ισχύ μόνο για τα μη καλιμπραρισμένα συστήματα!
Τι μπορεί να διαβαστεί από μία μη καλιμπραρισμένη συσκευή-και τι δεν πρέπει να διαβαστεί?
Μεμονωμένες πτήσεις διακεκριμένα μπορούν να αναγνωριστούν.
Η εντολή του θορύβου μπορεί διακεκριμένα να διαβαστεί αλλά δεν πρέπει να χρησιμοποιήσετε ένα κανόνα για να μετρήσετε το ακριβές ύψος και μετά να διαβαστεί:
Αυτό το αεροσκάφος είχε θόρυβο 81.27 dB(A),
Aυτό που θα λέγαμε, ωστόσο, είναι oτι:
αυτό το αεροσκάφος είχε θόρυβο περίπου 80 dB(A)
Σπουδαίο σημείο: Σπουδαίο σημείο : Τα γνήσια στοιχεία παρέχονται σε διάστημα 0.6 δευτερολέπτων. Εξ αιτίας του μέσου όρου πάνω από 6 sec/min (zoom/ παρουσιάσεις ολόκληρης ημέρας ), μέγιστα επίπεδα μπορεί να είναι υψηλότερα από περίπου 1-2 dB(A).
|
| 1.3 |
Πηγές λαθών
Η ανοχή τεχνολογικού σφάλματος είναι το τελευταίο πρόβλημα.
Επιπροσθέτως λάθη προκύπτουν εξαιτίας του ανέμου, της βροχής και των αντανακλάσεων και διάφορες πηγές παρεμβολών που βρίσκονται κοντά στον αισθητήρα του θορύβου.
|
| 1.4 |
Χρόνος
Από τις 20 Ιουλίου 2002 και μετά όλοι οι σταθμοί μετρήσεων λειτουργούν με 'radio clock time'.
|
| 1.5 |
Ενημερώνοντας
Οι σταθμοί λειτουργούν εντελώς αυτόματα.
Εάν όλα πάνε καλά, κάθε σταθμός συνδέετε στο κεντρικό σύστημα και στέλνει τις νέες μετρήσεις ανά 1 ώρα.
Προσοχή: Η ακριβής ώρα ενημέρωσης δεν είναι ίδια για όλα τα μηχανήματα. Για παράδειγμα ένας σταθμός μπορεί να ενημερώνει 10 λεπτά μετά την ώρα και κάποιος άλλος 10 λεπτά πριν από την ώρα. Επίσης κάθε εργασία συντήρησης αλλάζει τις ώρες ενημέρωσης.
|
| 1.6 |
Εξοπλισμός
Ελέγξτε τις προϋποθέσεις πριν την εγκατάσταση ενός σταθμού μέτρησης.
|
| 1.7 |
Software
Οι σταθμοί μέτρησης στέλνουν τις μετρήσεις θορύβου στο κεντρικό σύστημα κάθε μια ώρα.
Όταν θέλετε να εμφανίσετε ένα διάγραμμα θορύβου, το πρόγραμμα στο κεντρικό σύστημα εμφανίζει το γράφημα βάσει των καταγεγραμμένων μετρήσεων.
Αυτή η λειτουργία παίρνει κάποιο χρόνο.
Για να μειώσουμε το χρόνο, τα γραφήματα που έχουν ήδη δημιουργηθεί κρατιούνται στο σύστημα για 1 εβδομάδα, έτσι όταν κάποιος χρειαστεί την ίδια ημέρα το διάγραμμα να είναι έτοιμο.
|
This note is only valid for non-calibrated instruments!
Do not compare our measurements with official noise measurements.
See our measurements - in analogy to a Web cam - as a 'noise Web cam'. |
| 2. |
Χειρισμός
| 2.1 |
Μεγένθυση
Στην εμφάνιση ολόκληρης μέρας, 1 pixel αντιστοιχεί σε 1 λεπτό..
In zoom representation (2 h), 1 pixel corresponds with 6 seconds..

Zoom representation is reached by clicking on the desired area in whole-day representation.
When in zoom representation, you can navigate 2 hours backward/forward by means of the arrows / 
To get back to whole-day representation, click on arrow .
Detailed data can only be recognized in zoom representation !
Important hint:
Time and again, people ask why maximum values are lower in a whole-day representation than in the corresponding zoom representation.
For zoom representation, means of 10 values are calculated ( 10 measured values = 6 sec = 1 pixel in the diagram)
For whole-day representation, means of 100 values are calculated (100 measured values = 60 sec = 1 pixel in the diagram)
The means of n values is calculated according to DIN 45641:
means = 10 * log10 [ 1/n * sum( 10**(0.1*valuen) ) ]
|
| 2.2 |
Selection of date
In section date navigation, you may navigate one day backward
( ), one day forward
( ), or to a date you determine via
Input.
|
| 2.3 |
Selection of measurement station
You may navigate to the station that is (alphabetically) preceding
( ), following
( ), or to a station you determine via
Input.
|
| 2.4 |
Superimposing measurement curves
To better identify overflight noise, you may superimpose the current measurement curve in zoom representation with the measurement curve of a neighbour station.
To this end, choose the neighbour station in the selection list.
|
| 2.5 |
Daily and monthly statistics
Daily Statistics will give a tabulated evaluation of all identified overflights as well as several average sound indicators.
Monthly Statistics will give a graphic representation of the number of overflights identified per day,
a graphic representation of several average sound indicators,
and a numeric representation of several average sound indicators.
For more information, see section 5..
|
| 2.6 |
Aircraft noise complaints
In the zoom representation, an electronic complaint system is available. Complaints are sent via e-mail or, in the Rhine-Main area, forwarded to Profutura. In the Rhine-Main area, complainers have to be registered at Profutura's.
First, in the zoom representation, you have to click on the overflights you want to complain about - then click on the link Aircraft Noise Complaint.
A detailed guide is found in the
complaint instructions.
|
|
| 3. |
Leq Indication
The Leq (noise-equivalent average sound indication) is a measure to describe mean total noise pollution.
Our Leq values are so-called Leq 3 values, calculated according to the formula:

| Whole-day representation: |
| Leq night | describes total pollution during the blue areas of the day. |
| Leq evening | describes total pollution during the light blue areas of the day. |
| Leq day | describes total pollution during the white areas of the day. |
| Leq whole-day | describes total pollution during the whole day.
|
| Zoom representation: |
| Leq | describes total pollution during the indicated 2 hours.
|
| Attention: Leq values are total-noise Leqs, i.e., the lawn mower, for instance, is included as well ! |
|
| 4. |
Interpretation of the curves
Please note: Details can be recognized in zoom representation only !
| 4.1 |
Blue areas of the day:
 |
The dark-blue area marks night time,
the light-blue area marks the so-called evening times of the day. |
|
| 4.2 |
A long, straight line:
 |
A long, straight line is indicated when there are no measured values.
Each maintenance operation, for instance, will produce such a line. |
|
| 4.3 |
How is aircraft noise distinguished from other types of noise ?

typical loud overflight:
a near overflight lasts 2 to 3 min. | |

typical series of overflights | |
'extreme' lawn mower directly in front of the sensor
much too long for an overflight | |

loud car
much too short for an overflight |
normal lawn mower with overflight | |
Shortly before half past four in the morning: The birds welcome the new day | |
|
| 4.4 |
Colour bars under the measurement curve
Wind direction and/or operation direction
Wind direction:
The compass rose on each page indicates which wind direction is assigned to which colour.
Example: Red means west wind.
A click on the compass rose will inform you about the current wind direction and wind speed at the airport.
For the Rhine-Main area, in particular, operation direction Fraport is indicated as follows (up to February 2004):
: |
operation direction 25 = takeoff towards West |  |
: |
operation direction unclear (preference 25) |
: |
operation direction unclear |
: |
operation direction unclear (preference 07) |
: |
operation direction 07 = takeoff towards East |
Attention: The operation direction indicated is based on an evaluation of wind data. As air-traffic controllers have some scope of decision, erroneous calculations might occur.
A click on the compass rose will inform you about the current wind direction, wind speed and operation direction at the airport.
For the Rhine-Main area, in particular, wind direction and operation direction Fraport are indicated as follows (from March 2004 on):
The upper colour bar indicates the wind direction (as with all other regions).
The lower colour bar indicates the operation direction:
: |
operation direction 25 = takeoff towards West | |
: |
operation direction 07 = takeoff towards East |
Attention: The indicated operation direction is the actual operation direction, based on Fraport data.
|
| 4.5 |
Detection of overflights
Overflights are detected in an asynchronous background process (every 5 min). Hence some time passes until overflights have been calculated.
Overflights are marked by a small circle on the noise peak.
Important hint: Overflights are calculated by means of a mathematical procedure that interprets noise curves.
This procedure will not detect all overflights with 100% precision.
Therefore, it may (and will) occur that noise peaks are falsely marked as overflights -
and it may (and will) occur that actual overflights remain unidentified !!!
Basically, the following holds:
To be marked as overflights, noise peaks have to exceed the following levels:
at night: more than 55 dBA
evening: more than 60 dBA
day: more than 65 dBA
Some stations work with individual thresholds.
In case of unclearness (overflight yes/no) we recommend to use "Superimposing measurement curves" of two neighbour stations (see 2.4) or the analysis of the flight tracks (see 4.6, not in all regions possible)
|
| 4.6 |
Flight tracks (not in all regions possible)
In the zoom representation you will find a yellow beam "Show Flight Tracks" if there are flight tracks in our database.
After a left mouse-click in this beam, we show you all flight tracks of the selected time (±7,5 min).
Flight tracks which differ only ±90 sec of the selected time are shown in bold black.
A click on such a bold black flight track shows you the details of the flight.
|
| 4.7 |
And here an additional tip
You had best note down some overflights at your residence and compare them with our curves.
If you live in the neighbourhood of one of the measurement stations, you will soon develop a feeling for the interpretation of the curves.
|
|
| 5. |
Statistics
The table representation gives a tabulated whole-day list of all calculated overflights (see 4.5 Overflight detection).
Hints:
| 1. |
Availability
As the table representation is based on the calculation of probable overflights, it cannot be presented as long as the overflight calculation has not yet been done.
Measured values are usually updated every hour. In the course of this process, a potentially existing overflight calculation will be overwritten, i.e., table representation will no longer be available from that moment on.
In general, 5 minutes later the background process of overflight detection will have been accomplished, which means that table representation will be available again.
Conclusion: If you cannot look at the table representation, just wait for 5 minutes and try again !
|
| 2. |
Indication
The indication comprises all probable overflights marked in the diagram by a
small circle on the noise peak
(see 4.5 overflight detection).
|
|
| 6. |
Station description
To get a description of the measurement station, click on the station name near the noise curve. |
| 7. |
Comments
Station owners can comment their measurement curves. In that case, the headline (date/station name) includes the link Comment at the right side of the station name.
Click on this link to read the comment. |
| 8. |
Map of region
For many regions, there is a map of the region:
In that case, you will find the link Region Map.
Example: Athens.
On the region map, you will find a map with
the positions of the stations,
the set flight routes per operation direction and
the actual flight routes per operation direction.
We can only realize these maps of a region in cooperation with the station operators, as we do not know the respective site.
So please understand that we do not offer them for any region.
Info: For reasons of data safety, we do, on principle, not answer any questions regarding the measurement stations (exact address, name, etc.)
The complete information that station owners have compiled with respect to their station will be found under station description. |
| All feasible ways of doing that are via other programmes, e.g. via 'Word': |
| 1. |
Start Word |
| 2. |
File/Page setup/Paper size/Landscape/OK |
| 3. |
Right mouse click anywhere in the diagram, then choose COPY in the context window |
| 4. |
In Word: Edit/Paste |
| 5. |
In Word: left doubleclick on picture, then, in the appearing window, choose tab SIZE, and in field 'width', enter 25. |
| 6. |
In Word: Print |
| This description only holds for IE 5.5 and Word 2000 - but with any other version known to the author, things work almost the same way. |